Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of Placenta Praevia at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt
Asian Research Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics,
Page 31-37
Abstract
Background: Placenta praevia is associated with high foeto-maternal morbidity and mortality. Aim: To assess the maternal and perinatal outcomes of placenta praevia at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH).
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study of all recorded cases of placenta praevia manage at RSUTH from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2021. Data were analysed using IBM, Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 25.0 Armonk, NY.
Results: The most common maternal complication was blood transfusion [128(93.4%)], followed by preterm delivery [49(35.8%)], and postpartum haemorrhage [34(24.8%)]. Three (2.2%) of the participants had Caesarean hysterectomy. There was no case of maternal mortality. There was a male sex preponderance among the foetuses. The mean± SD foetal weight was 2.9±0.65, 95%CI: 2.79,3.01. Seventy-three (53%) of the foetuses were males. The majority 51(37.2%) of the foetuses were admitted into the special care baby unit (SCBU) for special care. Other observed perinatal complications were prematurity, low birth weight, birth asphyxia and stillbirth accounting for 35.8%, 22.6%, 14.6% and 12.4% of cases respectively.
Conclusion: The commonest maternal and perinatal complications of placenta praevia at the RSUTH were blood transfusion and admission into SCBU respectively. Prompt diagnosis, efficient blood transfusion services and adequate management will improve foeto-maternal outcomes.
Keywords:
- Placenta praevia
- foeto-maternal outcomes
- perinatal
- haemorrhage
- RSU
How to Cite
Wekere, F. C. C., Clement-Wekere, G. A. F., Ocheche, U. S., Austin-Asomeji, I., Asikimabo-Ofori, S., & Cookey-Gam, I. F. (2022). Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of Placenta Praevia at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt. Asian Research Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 7(4), 31-37. Retrieved from https://journalarjgo.com/index.php/ARJGO/article/view/30210
References
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Balachandar K, Melov SJ, Nayyar R: The risk of adverse maternal outcomes in cases of placenta praevia in an Australian population between 2007 and 2017. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2020;60(6):890-895.
Fan D, Wu S, Liu L, Xia Q, Wang W, Guo X, Liu Z. Prevalence of antepartum hemorrhage in women with placenta previa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Scientific Reports. 2017;7(1):1- 9.
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Wekere FCC, Iwo-Amah RS, Kwosah JN, Bademosi A, Amadi CS: A Five-Year Review of Caesarean Section at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, South-South, Nigeria. JAMMR. 2021;33(23):159-167.
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Anzaku A, Musa J. Placenta praevia: incidence, risk factors, maternal and fetal outcomes in a Nigerian teaching hospital. Jos Journal of Medicine 2012;6(1):42-46.
Bhatt AD, Meena A, Desai MR: Maternal and perinatal outcome in cases of placenta previa. IJSR. 2014;3:299-301.
Olugbenga E, RA E, Olugbenga M, Ikheloa J, Okoeguale J, Omoregbee H, Oboh S. Placenta praevia with or without antepartum bleeding in a Nigerian suburban tertiary health institution.
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Shakuntala P, Chandana H, Nagesh- Gowda B, Kumar A, Ramaiah R. Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with major degree placenta previa at ESIC MC and PGIMSR. Galore International Journal of Health Sciences and Research. 2020;5(4):42-52.
Kollmann M, Gaulhofer J, Lang U, Klaritsch P. Placenta praevia: Incidence, risk factors and outcome. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 2016;29(9):1395-1398.
Tuzovic L, Djelmis J, Ilijic M. Obstetric risk factors associated with placenta previa development: Case-control study. Croat Med J 2003;44(6):728-733.
Trivedi K, Singh SB, Bhagat M, Kumari R. Maternal and perinatal outcome in cases of placenta previa-an observational record-based study in a tertiary care hospital in Jharkhand. Journal Of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences-JEMDS. 2017; 6(44):3411-3414.
Wasim T, Bushra N, Riaz S, Iqbal HI. Fetomaternal outcome in patients with placenta previa. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2020;36(5):952.
Burodo A, Shehu C. Placenta praevia at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto: A 5-year review. Sahel Medical Journal. 2013;16(2):56.
Demissie K, Breckenridge MB, Joseph L, Rhoads GG: Placenta previa: preponderance of male sex at birth. American journal of epidemiology 1999, 149(9):824-830.
Sule S, Madugu H. Short Report Sex ratio at birth in Zaria, Nigeria. Annals of Human Biology. 2004;31(2):258-262.
Jahanfar S, Lim K. Is there a relationship between fetal sex and placental pathological characteristics in twin gestations? BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2018;18(1):1-8.
Wu Wen S, Demissie K, Liu S, Marcoux S, Kramer M. Placenta praevia and male sex at birth: results from a population‐based study. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology. 2000;14(4):300-304.
Matalliotakis M, Velegrakis A, Goulielmos G, Niraki E, Patelarou A, Matalliotakis I. Association of placenta previa with a history of previous Cesarian deliveries and indications for a possible role of a genetic component. Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics. 2017;20(2):5-9.
James W. Sex ratios of offspring and the causes of placental pathology. Human reproduction. 1995;10(6):1403-1406.
Parazzini F, Dindelli M, Luchini L, La Rosa M, Potenza M, Frigerio L, Ferrari A: Risk factors for placenta praevia. Placenta. 1994;15(3):321-326.
Senkoro EE, Mwanamsangu AH, Chuwa FS, Msuya SE, Mnali OP, Brown BG, Mahande MJ: Frequency, risk factors, and adverse fetomaternal outcomes of placenta previa in Northern Tanzania. Journal of Pregnancy. 2017;2017.
Ikechebelu JI, Onwusulu DN: Placenta praevia: Review of clinical presentation and management in a Nigerian teaching hospital. Niger J Med. 2007;16(1):61-64.
Meena N, Dave A, Meena S, Meena A, Shrivastava A: Impact of placenta praevia on obstetric outcome. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2015;4(1):76-78.
Balachandar K, Melov SJ, Nayyar R: The risk of adverse maternal outcomes in cases of placenta praevia in an Australian population between 2007 and 2017. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2020;60(6):890-895.
Fan D, Wu S, Liu L, Xia Q, Wang W, Guo X, Liu Z. Prevalence of antepartum hemorrhage in women with placenta previa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Scientific Reports. 2017;7(1):1- 9.
Okafor II: Antepartum Haemorrhage. In: Our Teachers- A Comprehensive Textbook of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. First edn. Edited by Umeora OUJ, Egbuji C.C, Onyebuchi A.K, P.O E. Abakalik: ST. Benedict Printing and Publishing. 2017; 205-208.
Kwawukume EY, Omo-Aghoja LA. Antepartum Haemorrhage (APH). In: Comprehensive obstetrics in the tropics. Second edn. Edited by Kwawukume E, EE. E, Ekele B.A, KA D. Accra-North Ghana: Assemblies of God Literature Centre Ltd. 2015;184-197.
Richa S: Antepartum Haemorrhage. In: Bedside Obstetrics and Gyecology. edn. New Delhi: JAYPEE Brothers Medical publishers (p) Ltd. 2014;187-221.
Wekere FCC, Kua PL, Akani A, Bademosi A. Prevalence, maternal and perinatal sequelae of antepartum haemorrhage in a tertiary hospital in South-South, Nigeria. International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2021;5(5):206-210.
Wekere FCC, Nonye-Enyidah EI, Kua PL. Ectopic pregnancy in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, southern Nigeria: A five-year review. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews. 2020;6(2):044-053.
Wekere FCC, Iwo-Amah RS, Kwosah JN, Bademosi A, Amadi CS: A Five-Year Review of Caesarean Section at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, South-South, Nigeria. JAMMR. 2021;33(23):159-167.
Wekere FCC, Okagua KE, Clement-Wekere GA, Ocheche US, Mberekpe PO, Altriade BO, Iwo-Amah RS. Placenta Praevia in a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Nigeria: A Six-Year Review of Prevalence, Trend, and Risk Factors. International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Research Studies 2022;2(5):350-354.
Anzaku A, Musa J. Placenta praevia: incidence, risk factors, maternal and fetal outcomes in a Nigerian teaching hospital. Jos Journal of Medicine 2012;6(1):42-46.
Bhatt AD, Meena A, Desai MR: Maternal and perinatal outcome in cases of placenta previa. IJSR. 2014;3:299-301.
Olugbenga E, RA E, Olugbenga M, Ikheloa J, Okoeguale J, Omoregbee H, Oboh S. Placenta praevia with or without antepartum bleeding in a Nigerian suburban tertiary health institution.
Paterson‐Brown S, Draycott TJ. Obstetrics Emergencies. In: Dewhurst's Texbook of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Ninth edn. Edited by Edmonds K, Lees C, Bourne T. Hoboken, NJ John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2018.
Shakuntala P, Chandana H, Nagesh- Gowda B, Kumar A, Ramaiah R. Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with major degree placenta previa at ESIC MC and PGIMSR. Galore International Journal of Health Sciences and Research. 2020;5(4):42-52.
Kollmann M, Gaulhofer J, Lang U, Klaritsch P. Placenta praevia: Incidence, risk factors and outcome. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 2016;29(9):1395-1398.
Tuzovic L, Djelmis J, Ilijic M. Obstetric risk factors associated with placenta previa development: Case-control study. Croat Med J 2003;44(6):728-733.
Trivedi K, Singh SB, Bhagat M, Kumari R. Maternal and perinatal outcome in cases of placenta previa-an observational record-based study in a tertiary care hospital in Jharkhand. Journal Of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences-JEMDS. 2017; 6(44):3411-3414.
Wasim T, Bushra N, Riaz S, Iqbal HI. Fetomaternal outcome in patients with placenta previa. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2020;36(5):952.
Burodo A, Shehu C. Placenta praevia at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto: A 5-year review. Sahel Medical Journal. 2013;16(2):56.
Demissie K, Breckenridge MB, Joseph L, Rhoads GG: Placenta previa: preponderance of male sex at birth. American journal of epidemiology 1999, 149(9):824-830.
Sule S, Madugu H. Short Report Sex ratio at birth in Zaria, Nigeria. Annals of Human Biology. 2004;31(2):258-262.
Jahanfar S, Lim K. Is there a relationship between fetal sex and placental pathological characteristics in twin gestations? BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2018;18(1):1-8.
Wu Wen S, Demissie K, Liu S, Marcoux S, Kramer M. Placenta praevia and male sex at birth: results from a population‐based study. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology. 2000;14(4):300-304.
Matalliotakis M, Velegrakis A, Goulielmos G, Niraki E, Patelarou A, Matalliotakis I. Association of placenta previa with a history of previous Cesarian deliveries and indications for a possible role of a genetic component. Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics. 2017;20(2):5-9.
James W. Sex ratios of offspring and the causes of placental pathology. Human reproduction. 1995;10(6):1403-1406.
Parazzini F, Dindelli M, Luchini L, La Rosa M, Potenza M, Frigerio L, Ferrari A: Risk factors for placenta praevia. Placenta. 1994;15(3):321-326.
Senkoro EE, Mwanamsangu AH, Chuwa FS, Msuya SE, Mnali OP, Brown BG, Mahande MJ: Frequency, risk factors, and adverse fetomaternal outcomes of placenta previa in Northern Tanzania. Journal of Pregnancy. 2017;2017.
Ikechebelu JI, Onwusulu DN: Placenta praevia: Review of clinical presentation and management in a Nigerian teaching hospital. Niger J Med. 2007;16(1):61-64.
Meena N, Dave A, Meena S, Meena A, Shrivastava A: Impact of placenta praevia on obstetric outcome. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2015;4(1):76-78.
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